The Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts  is a national academy and the most prominent academic institution in Serbia, founded in 1841.

Since the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts was founded by law of 1 November 1886, it has been the highest academic institution in Serbia.  The names of the first academics were announced by King Milan on 5 April 1887. At that time, there existed four sections in the academy, which were then called "specialised academies".Four academics were appointed to each section:Academy of Natural Sciences,Academy of Philosophy,Academy of Social Sciences and Academy of Arts.

Today, the Academy directs a small number of scientific research projects which are realized in cooperation with other Serbian scientific institutions and through international cooperation.